Rock-cutting apparatus.



R. TEMPLE.

BOOK CUTTING APPARATUS. Arrmoulon FILED SEPT. 16, 1967.

Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

R. TEMPLE.

' ROCK CUTTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 16, 1907.

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Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

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R. TEMPLE.

ROCK CUTTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED SBPT.16, 1907.

1,001,903, Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

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R. TEMPLE.

' ROCK CUTTING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 16, 1907.

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R. TEMPLE.

ROGK CUTTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 16, 1907.

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ROBERT TEMPLE, OF DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR TO THE TEMPLE ENGINEERINGCOMPANY, OF DENVER, COLORADO, A CORPORATION OF COLORADO.

ROCK-CUTTING APPARATUS.

menses.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT TEMPLE, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city and county of Denver, in the State of Colorado,have Y invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rock-CuttingApparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates in general to rockcutting apparatus, and moreparticularly to a machine for cutting tunnels through rock or othermaterials.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a machine for cuttingtunnels through rock or other materials, the cutter of which will bereciprocated and simultaneously moved transversely to its direction ofreciprocation, thereby cutting a tunnel of greater cross section thanthe machine.

A further object of my invention is to provide a machine forautomatically cutting away rock or other material to form a tunnel of adesired cross section and which will be automatically moved forward asthe work progresses.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a fluid pressureactuated machine for cutting tunnels through rock, which will moveforwardly as the tunnel is cut and may be supplied with power throughimpulses of air transmitted from a stationary generator located at anydesired point.

A final object of my invention is to provide a rock-cutting apparatuswhich will be comparatively simple in construction, practical inoperation, and eflicient in use.

The embodiment of my invention herein disclosed may be generallydescribed as consisting of a pair of oscillatory motor cylinders, thepistons in which are reciprocated in unison by impulses of air suppliedto the opposite sides thereof, rotating cylindrical guides through whichthe piston rods eccent-rically extend, cutter heads carried by the endsof the piston rods, a movable supporting frame upon which the motorcylinders and guides are mounted, a cylinder fixed upon the frame havinga piston therein, the rod of which is connected to shoes projectinglaterally beyond the sides of the frame and adapted to be forced intocontact with the side walls of the tunnel, thereby serving as an anchorrelatively to which the apparatus is moved forwardly by the move-Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 16, 1907.

Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

Serial No. 393,212.

ment of the piston within the cylinder, and means for varying thelateral and vertical movement of the apparatus and thereby imparting thedesired direction to the tunnel.

My invention will be more fully hereinafter described with reference tothe accompanying drawings, in which the same is illustrated as embodiedin convenient and practical form, and in which Figure 1 is a plan view;Fig. 2 an enlarged central vertical section, parts being shown inelevation; Fig. 3 an enlarged end elevation of the cutter heads; Fig. 4:an enlarged sectional view taken on line l of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 an enlargeddetail sectional view taken on line 5 of Fig. 4:; Fig. 6 an enlargeddetail view showing one of the motor cylinders in plan and itssupporting means in section; Fig. 7 is an enlarged end elevational viewof the apparatus, taken on line 7 of Fig. 2; and Fig. 8 is an enlargeddetail side elevation showing one of the side shoes and adjacent parts.

The same reference characters are used to designate the same parts inthe several figures of the drawings.

Reference characters A A indicate the cylinders of an air impulsegenerator or pulsator, while reference letter A indicates the shaft fordriving the pistons within the cylinders A and A a designates a gearwheel fixed upon the shaft A, with which meshes a pinion b rotated bythe motor B.

An air impulse generator, such as that above described and illustratedin the drawings, does not in itself constitute my present invention. Itis, therefore, unnecessary in this case to illustrate or describe indetail the construction and operation of the air impulse generator.

Reference characters C and C designate motor cylinders havingreciprocating pistons D and D therein. A conduit a extends from one ofthe cylinders A of the impulse generator to one end of the motorcylinder 0, while a branch conduit 0 connects the conduit a with thecorresponding end of the motor cylinder C A conduit a extends from thecylinder A of the pulsator to the opposite end of the motor cylinder Cwhile a branch conduit 0 leads from such end of the cylinder C to thecorresponding end of the other motor cylinder C The operation of theimpulse generator consequently reciprocates the pistons D and D inunison within the corresponding motor cylinders.

The piston rods d and d are reciprocated by the pistons within the motorcylinders, such piston rods extending through and being suitably guidedby the cylinder ends E. The forward end E of each of the cylinders isprovided with a tubular extension surrounding the corresponding pistonrod and within which extends a sleeve E interposed between the pistonrod and the tubular extension of the cylinder head. Each of the sleevesE is provided with a flange 0 at its outer end, which overlies and issecured to a corresponding flange a carried by the tubular extension ofthe cylinder head.

- The motor cylinders C and G are sup ported between the side framesof asuitable structure for supporting the apparatus. The supportingstructure is shown as comprising sheet metal side plates F and F each ofsuch plates being formed in two sections separated by a horizontallyextending space, as clearly indicated in'Fig. 2. In order to impart therequisite structural strength to the side plates, angle irons f and fare secured along the upper and lower edges thereof, while similar anglebars f and 7 are secured along the side plates above and below thespaces between the sections thereof, as will be clearly seen from aninspection of Fig. 4. Vertical channel bars G and G are secured to theends of the side plates on the outer surfaces thereof. 7

Each of the motor cylinders is provided with a pair of trunnions h and72. as shown in Fig. 6. These trunnions project within journal bearingsb and h and are adapted to permit a vertical oscillation of thecylinder. The journal bearings 72. and ht are provided with sphericalouter surfaces, which engage with spherical concave seats formed withinblocks H, H rigidly secured to the inner surface of the side plates Fand F by any suitable means, as, for instance, bolts k, extendingthrough such blocks and into engagement wit-h angle plates H projectinginwardly from the side plates.

The piston rods cl and (Z extend eccentrically through rotarycylindrical guides K and K The cylindrical guides are provided with wormwheels is around corresponding ends, while their other ends are providedwith radial flanges 7c. The guide K is rotatably supported between apair of blocks L, rigidly secured between the side plates F and F bybolts L. The inner surfaces of the pair of blocks are cylindricallyconcaved, so as to surround the guide K and lie within the flange 7c andthe worm Wheel 70, thereby preventing longitudinal movement of theguidewith respect to the blocks but permitting the guide to be freelyrotated between the blocks. A similar pair of blocks L surrounds thelower cylindrical guide K such blocks being also rigidly secured betweenthe side plates by means of transverse bolts L. The blocks L surroundthe guide K and extend between the flange 70 on the one end thereof andthe worm wheel 70 fixed upon the other end thereof.

In order that the cylindrical guides K and K may be rotated, a shaft Mis journaled upon one of the side plates and is provided with wormsmeshing with the worm wheels is and 76 one of such worms upon the shaftM being shown at m in Fig. 2. The shaft M may be rotated in any suitablemanner, as by means of a bevel gear m fixed thereon, which meshes with abevel gear a rotated by a motor N. This motor may be convenientlymounted upon the upper angle bar 7 of the side plate F, as shown in Fig.2. V

The ends of the piston rods (Z d which project through the cylindricalguides, have fixed thereon cutter heads 0 and 0 such cutter heads beingprovided with holes, into which extend the shanks of cutters O. Theupper edge of the top cutter head 0 is preferably curved, while thelower edge of the bottom cut-ter head 0 is straight, as shown in Fig. 3,thereby imparting to the tunnel which is cut by the apparatus an archedtop and flat bottom wall. In order that the cutter heads may .move inunison, their adjacent edges are provided with overlapping brackets 0and 0 the brackets 0 being secured to the cutter head 0 and overlyingthe adjacent portion of the cutter head 0 and the brackets 0 beingsecured to the cutter head 0 and overlying the adjacent portion of thecutter head 0. Such brackets are secured to both surfaces of the cutterheads, as shown in Fig. 2.

P designates a cylinder fixed to the supporting frame by means of webs Pand P extending from the cylinder in opposite directions to the innersurfaces of the side plates F and F of the supporting structure.Transverse bolts 79 ext-end above and below the cylinder P and projectthrough holes in the flanges 79 and p on the webs P and P and throughregistering holes in the side plates F and F The cylinder P is therebyrigidly secured to the supporting structure.

R indicates a piston located within the cylinder P and having a rod 1extending through suitable guides and a stufling box projecting from oneof the cylinder heads. Motive fiuid may be supplied to either end of thecylinder by any suitable means, not shown.

The piston rod 1 is secured to a carriage It lying between the pairs ofblocks L and L In order to guide the carriage between the blocks,longitudinal projections r and r are provided thereon, which arereceived within correspondingly shaped channels in the adjacent surfacesof the pairs of blocks, as clearly shownin Fig. 4:. A pair of toggleplates S are interposed between one side edge of the carriage R and aside clamping shoe S, the inner vertical edges of the toggle platesbeing curved and fitting within curved vertical grooves r in thecarriage; while the outer vertical edges of the toggle plates are curvedand fit within curved channels 8 formed in the inner surface of the shoeS. A shoe S is fixed to the carriage R at the opposite side thereof byany suitable means, as, for instance, screws 8 The portion of the shoe Swhich is secured to the carriage is reduced in height and extendsbetween the pair of angle plates f f along the edges of the two sectionsof the plate F The toggle plates S extend between the angle plates f fsecured along the inner edges of the sections of the side plate F. Thelower edges of the toggle plates, as well as the lower edge of the shoeS, rests upon an angular bracket F rigidly secured to the outer surfaceof the side plate F. The shoe S is provided with a horizontal flange 8which overlies and rests upon the toggle plates S. The outer surfaces ofthe side clamping shoes S and S are provided with any suitable material.9 for engaging and gripping the side walls of the tunnel, therebyserving as an anchor with respect to which the apparatus may be movedforward.

In order that the movement of the apparatus may be guided laterally,shoes T and T are provided adjacent the rear end of the supportingstructure, such shoes engaging and sliding'upon the side walls of thetunnel. The guiding shoes T and T are adjustable laterally with respectto the supporting frame by any suitable means, such, for instance, asthe arrangement of wedge blocks shown in the drawings. Each of the shoesT and T is provided with a wedge block T having converging inclinedsurfaces engaged by wedge blocks 2? and t. A screw-threaded shaft Uextends loosely through one of the wedge blocks, as, for instance, t andengages a screw-threaded opening in the other wedge block t,--a collar abeing fixed upon the shaft to prevent the wedge block from movingaxially with respect to the shaft. A hand wheel U is fixed upon theshaft U, by means'of which the shaft is rotated. A similar shaft U isprovided for moving the wedge blocks which actuate the shoe T as shownin Fig. 1. The pairs of wedge blocks 25 and t are supported uponbrackets 41 and 22 projecting from the lower sections of the side platesF and F as shown in Fig. 7 The shoes T and T also rest upon suchbrackets 0 and 12 The inner surfaces of the pairs of wedge blocks restagainstsupports V and V secured between the pairs of angle plates f andf on the inner edges of the sections of the side plates of thesupporting frame.

In order that the movement of the apparatus may be directed upwardly ordownwardly, mechanism is provided for raising or lowering the rear endof the supporting frame, thereby imparting to the tunnel a downward orupward direction as desired. Runners WV and W are located beneath thebottom angle bars f and f of the side plates of the supporting frame,upon which the apparatus is supported. Blocks w and w are interposedbetween the forward ends of the runners and the forward ends of thesupporting plates, while the supporting blocks beneath the rear ends ofthe supporting plates and the underlying runners are verticallyadjustable by means of pairs of wedge blocks. Wedge blocks X and X eachhaving downwardly converging surfaces, are secured beneath the anglebars f and f at the rear end of the supporting structure, and beneatheach of such wedge blocks is a pair of wedge blocks as and through whichextend right and left screwthreaded shafts Y and Y The screwthreadedshafts have mounted upon their ends ratchet mechanism y and 1 suchratchet mechanism being connected by a link y adapted to be reciprocatedby a hand lever Y. It is obvious that by reciprocating the hand lever,the reversely screw-threaded shafts Y and Y may be rotated in unison ineither direction and the wedge blocks :12 and m in each pair therebymoved toward or away from each other.

In order that the side plates of the supporting frame may be rigidlyunited, transverse bolts 7 extend above and below the motor cylinders.The upper transverse bolt is preferably formed as a guide F, throughwhich the conduit a extends, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The operation of my improved apparatus is as follows: The air impulsegenerator is located at any convenient point and put into operation,thereby transmitting through the conduits a and a impulses of air to theopposite ends of the motor cylinders C and C It is obvious that theconduits a and a may be flexible and of any desired length, so that thepulsator may be stationary while the rock-cutting apparatus movesforward as the work progresses. The motor N rotates the shaft M, which,in turn, through the meshed worms and worm wheels, rotates thecylindrical guides K and K The piston rods cl and (Z are thereforereciprocated in unison by the air impulses, and simultaneously movethrough circular transverse paths, owing to their extendingeccentrically through the rotary Cylindrical guides. The cutter headscarried by the piston rods are consequently reciprocated andcoincidentally move transversely, so as to engage the surface of rock inadvance of the apparatus and cut away in pieces the rock, therebyforming a tunnel of a cross section corresponding to the transverse pathof movement of the cutter heads.

When the tunnel has been out far enough so that the clamping shoes S andS extend within the side walls thereof, motive fluid is admitted to thepiston P at the right of the piston, thereby moving the piston towardthe left. Such movement of the piston moves the carriage R forwardly,and with it the. clamping shoes S and S The supply of motive fluid tothe right end of the cylinder P is then discontinued and the left sideof the piston then exposed to motive fluid. The motive fluid tends tomove the piston It toward the right, thereby through the toggle plates Sand carriage R forcing the shoe S outwardly against the adjacent surfaceof the tunnel. The outward movement of the shoe S forces the apparatusin an opposite direction until the shoe S grips the opposite surface ofthe tunnel. The shoes S and S thereby serve as an anchor, so that thefluid pressure between the piston R and left head of the cylinder movesthe apparatus forwardly with respect to the shoes, thereby advancing thecutters as the rock is cut away. When the apparatus has been advancedrelatively to the clamping shoes the distance permitted by the travel ofthe piston R within the cylinder P, the fluid pressure is exhausted fromthe left end of the cylinder and again admitted to the right end,thereby advancing the carriage and with it the clamping shoes inposition to grip the side walls of the tunnel at advanced points. Afurther pressure is then again admitted to the left end of the cylinder,when the apparatus will be automatically advanced a distancecorresponding to the travel of the piston.

When it is desired to direct the work toward the left, the pair of wedgeblocks which engage the guide shoe T are separated by rotating the shaftU, while the pair of wedge blocks which engage the opposite side shoe Tare moved toward each other by rotating the shaft U This operation movesthe rear end of the supporting structure toward the right, andconsequently directs the cutting heads toward the left. A reversemanipulation of the wedge blocks of the side shoes results in the cutterheads being directed toward the right.

lVhen it is desired that the tunnel should be directed upwardly, thewedge blocks :2 and m in the pairs are separated by rotating thereversely screw-threaded shafts Y and Y thereby permitting the rear endof the apparatus to be lowered, and consequently elevating the cutterheads. In order to direct the cutting operation downwardly,

the wedge blocks :12 and m in the two pairs thereof are moved together,thereby elevat ing the rear end of the apparatus.

From the foregoing description it will be observed that I have inventedan improved rock-cutting apparatus, by means of which a tunnel may beout of uniform cross section and having any vertical or lateraldirection desired. It will be further observed that my improvedapparatus automatically moves forward as the work of cutting a tunnelprogresses, while the pulsator, from which the power is derived, mayremain stationary at any desired point, or may be carried forward withthe cutter. It is further evident that by my improvement the cutter headis reciprocated and simultaneously moved in a transverse path, therebycutting a tunnel of a cross section greater than the area of the cuttinghead, but equal to the transverse path of movement of the cutter head, aspace being consequently formed around the cutting apparatus to allowthe stone cuttings to be removed by a screw or suitable machinery.

It will be observed that the transverse movement imparted to the rodswhich carry the cutter heads, causes the cutter heads to move relativelyto the surface worked upon in a substantially spherical path. A greatadvantage results from this motion, in that the cutter heads are broughtin contact with the breast of the tunnel in such a direction as to avoidcutting a sharp angle, thereby facilitating the moving of the rock andinsuring the gage being maintained.

It will be seen that in a general way the reciprocating rods (Z and ddescribe circular conical surfaces as their paths, thus imparting acircular sweep to the cutter head 0.

What I regard as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In arock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a transversely extendinghead, of a plurality of cutters mounted thereon, means for reciprocatingsaid head, and means for simultaneously moving the same in completecycles over a substantially circular path adjacent the surface workedupon and eccentric to the said head.

2. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a cutter head, of aplurality of scattered cutters carried by said head, means forreciprocating said cutter head, and means independent of saidreciprocating means for simultaneously bodily moving said cutter head ina circular pathcontained in a plane lying transversely to the directionof its reciprocation. i

3. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a transverselyextending head, of a plurality of cutters mounted thereon, a rod uponwhich said head is carried, means for reciprocating said rod, and meansfor simultaneously moving said rod in a path lymg in a plane transverseto the direction of its reciprocation.

4. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a cutter, ofcylinder supported on a universal pivot and having a conical path ofmovement, the center of said pivot being at the apex of said conicalpath, a reciprocating piston in said cylinder, a piston rod upon whichsaid cutter is mounted, and means for moving said cylinder in said pathto impart to said cutter a movement relatively to the surface workedupon in a circular path, the radii of which converge at the axis ofmovement of said cylinder.

5. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a cutter, of acylinder pivoted to oscillate freely within a limited range in anydirection, a reciprocating piston in said cylinder, a piston rod uponwhich said outter is mounted, a rotating guide through which said rodeccentrically extends and automatic means to continuously operate saidguide.

6. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a pair of cutterheads, of a pair of parallel rods upon which said cutter heads aremounted, means for reciprocating said rods in unison, and means forsimultaneously and continuously moving said rods in conical paths saidmotion being transverse to the direction of their reciprocation.

7. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a pair of cutterheads, of a pair of cylinders, reciprocating pistons in said cylinders,piston rods upon which said cutter heads are mounted, and a pair ofrotary guides through which said rods eccentrically extend, whereby saidcutter heads are moved in a path transverse to the direction of theirreciprocation.

8. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a movablesupporting frame, of a reciprocating cutter mounted upon said frame,means for giving said cutter a transverse movement, means forreciprocating said cutter also mounted upon said frame, and frame-movingmeans comprising an anchoring shoe element, a reciprocatory carriage, acylinder and piston coacting together, one element of which is fixed tosaid frame and the other to the said carriage, and a toggle elementcoacting between the said shoe and carriage, said frame-moving meansautomatically moving said frame forwardly simultaneously with theadvance of the cutting work.

9. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a cutter of anoscillatory cylinder, a movable supporting frame upon which saidcylinder is mounted, a reciprocating piston in said cylinder, a pistonrod upon which said cutter is carried, means for osoillating saidcylinder and thereby imparting to said cutter a movement transverse toits direction of reciprocation, and means for automatically moving saidframe forwardly as the work of cutting progresses.

10. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a cutter of anoscillatory cylinder, a movable supporting frame upon which saidcylinder is mounted, a reciprocating piston in said cylinder, a pistonrod upon which said cutter is carried, means for oscillating saidcylinder and thereby imparting to said cutter a movement trans verse toits direction of reciprocation, means for automatically moving saidframe forwardly as the work of cutting progresses, and means for varyingthe direction of the forward movement of said frame.

11. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a movablesupporting frame, of an oscillatory cylinder mounted upon said frame, areciprocating piston in said cylinder, a piston rod, a cutter carried bysaid rod, a rotary guide mounted upon said frame through which said rodeccentrically extends, means for rotating said guide and means forautomatically moving said frame forwardly as the work of cuttingprogresses.

12. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a movablesupporting frame, of an oscillatory cylinder mounted upon said frame, areciprocating piston in said cylinder, a piston rod, a cutter carried bysaid rod, a rotary guide mounted upon said frame through which said rodeccentrically extends, means for rotating said guide, means forautomatically moving said frame forwardly as the work of cuttingprogresses, means for guiding said frame laterally during its forwardmovement, and means for guiding said frame vertically.

18. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a movablesupporting frame, of a cutter mounted upon said frame, means foractuating said cutter also mounted upon said frame, a cylinder securedto said frame, a piston within said cylinder, shoes projecting laterallybeyond the sides of said frame, and means for connecting said shoes withsaid rod, whereby they are forced outwardly into contact with adjacentstationary surfaces.

14:. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a movablesupporting frame, of a cutter mounted upon said frame, means foractuating said cutter also mounted upon said frame, a cylinder carriedby said frame, a reciprocating piston within said cylmder, a carriageoperatively connected to said piston and movable longitudinally therebywith respect to said frame, and shoes operated by said carriage andprojecting laterally beyond the sides of said frame.

15. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a movable frame,of a cutter mounted upon said frame, means for actuating said cutteralso mounted upon said frame, means for moving said frame forwardly asthe work of cutting progresses, guiding shoes carried by and projectingfrom the opposite sides of said frame, andmeans for adjusting saidguiding shoes laterally with respect to said frame.

16. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a movablesupporting frame, of a reciprocating cutter mounted upon the front endof said frame, means for reciprocating said cutter also mounted uponsaid frame, means engaging adjacent fixed surfaces for moving said frameforwardly as the work of cutting progresses, runners located beneathsaid frame adapted to move over the supporting surface, and meansinterposed between said frame and its support ing runners for verticallyadjusting the frame relatively to said runners.

17. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a movablesupporting frame, of a cutter mounted upon said frame, means foractuating said cutter also mounted upon said frame, means for movingsaid frame forwardly as the work progresses, guiding shoes projectinglaterally from the opposite sides of said frame and adapted to engageadjacent fixed surfaces, means for laterally adjusting said guidingshoes with respect to said frame, a pair of runners adapted to moverelatively to a supporting surface and upon which said frame is mounted,and means interposed between said frame and said runners for verticallyadjusting said frame with respect to said runners.

18. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a movablesupporting frame, of a cutter mounted upon said frame, means foractuating said cutter also mounted uponsaid frame, anchoring meansmovably carried by said frame for securely engaging fixed surfaces onthe opposite sides thereof, means for moving said frame relatively tosaid anchoring means, and means engaging adjacent fixed surfaces forguiding said frame during its forward movement relatively to saidanchoring means.

19. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the 001m bination with a movablesupporting frame, of an oscillatory cylinder mounted upon said frame, areciprocating piston within said cylinder, a piston rod, a cuttercarried by said piston rod, a rotary guide carried by said frame throughwhich said rod eccentrically extends, anchoring means carried by saidframe and adapted to securely engage fixed surfaces adjacent said frame,means for moving said frame relatively to said anchoring means, andmeans for guiding said frame during its forward movement relatively tosaid anchoring means.

20. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the com bination with a movablesupporting frame, of a pair of oscillatory cylinders mounted upon saidframe, reciprocating pistons within said cylinders, means forreciprocating said pistons in unison, piston rods connected to saidpistons, cutter heads carried by said piston rods, cylindrical guidesthrough which said rods eccentrically extend, and means for rotatingsaid cylindrical guides in unison and thereby imparting to said cutterheads a path of movement transverse to the direction of theirreciprocation.

21. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the com bination with a movablesupporting frame, of a pair of oscillatory cylinders mounted upon saidframe, reciprocating pistons within said cylinders, means forreciprocating said pistons in unison, piston rods connected to saidpistons, cutter heads carried by said piston rods, cylindrical guidesthrough which said rods eccentrically extend, means for rotating saidcylindrical guides in unison and thereby imparting to said cutter headsa path of movement transverse to the direction of their reciprocation,and means for automatically moving said frame forwardly as the work ofcutting progresses.

22. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a movablesupporting frame, of a pair of oscillatory cylinders mounted upon saidframe, reciprocating pistons within said cylinders, means forreciprocating said pistons in unison, piston rods connected to saidpistons,'cutter heads carried by said piston rods, cylindrical guidesthrough which said rods eccentrically extend, means for rotating saidcylindrical guides in unison and thereby imparting to said cutter headsa path of movement transverse to the direction of their reciprocation,means for automatically moving said frame forwardly asthe work ofcutting progresses, and means for guiding said frame during its forwardmovement.

23. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a movablesupporting frame, of a pair of oscillatory cylinders mounted upon saidframe, reciprocating pistons within said cylinders, means forreciprocating said pistons in unison, piston rods connected to saidpistons, cutter heads carried by said piston rods, cylindrical guidesthrough which said rods eccentrically extend, means for rotating saidcylindrical guides in unison and thereby imparting to said cutter headsa path of movement transverse'to the direction of their reciprocation,means for automatically moving said frame forwardly as the work ofcutting progresses, guiding shoes carried by and projecting from thesides of said frame and adapted to engage adjacent stationary surfaces,means for adjusting said shoes laterally With respect to said frame, andmeans for vertically guiding said frame during its forward movement.

24,-. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a movablesupporting frame, of a pair of oscillatory cylinders mounted upon saidframe, reciprocating pistons within said cylinders, means forreciprocating said pistons in unison, piston rods connected to saidpistons, cutter heads carried by said piston rods, cylindrical guidesthrough which said rods eccentrically extend, means for rotating saidcylindrical guides in unison and thereby imparting to said cutter headsa path of movement transverse to the direction of their reciprocation,means for automatically moving said frame forwardly as the work ofcutting progresses, guiding shoes carried by and projecting from thesides of said frame and adapted to engage adjacent stationary surfaces,means for adjusting said shoes laterally "with re spect to said frame,runners upon which said frame is supported and which are adapted to moveover a supporting surface, and means interposed between said frame andsaid runners for vertically adjusting the frame relatively to therunners.

25. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a pair of cutterheads, of a pair of rods upon which said cutter heads are mounted, meansfor reciprocating said rods in unison, means for imparting to said rodsconical paths of movement during their reciprocations, and means forconnecting said heads to permit slight relative lateral movement.

26. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a transverselyextending head, of a plurality of cutters mounted thereon, a rod uponwhich said head is carried, means for reciprocating said rod, and meanscomprising a rotating guide for moving said rod in a conical path duringits reciprocation, and thereby correspondingly moving said head in acircular path without rotating it on its own axis.

27. In a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a pair of cutterheads, of a pair of parallel rods upon which said cutter heads aremounted, means for reciprocating said rods in unison, and means forimparting to said rods separate and relatively eccentric conical pathsof movement during their reciprocations.

28. I11 a rock-cutting apparatus, the combination with a cutter, of acylinder, a reciprocating piston in said cylinder, a piston rod uponwhich said cutter is mounted, means for imparting to said piston rod aconical path of movement during its reciprocation, and means forsupporting said cylinder to oscillate in vertical and horizontal planes.

ROBERT TEMPLE.

Witnesses:

FREDRIO JOHN PALMA, BRUCE S. CRAMER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

